Clinical Training Course: Cardiovascular Management Update

Drs. Joel A. Kaplan and David M. Roth

Discuss current and future treatment modalities for HF; Review the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 4-stage classification of HF; Describe the pathophysiology and management of acute HF; Outline cardiovascular risk indices and preoperative cardiovascular testing for perioperative cardiovascular risk in noncardiac surgery; and Recommend medical therapy for perioperative cardiovascular risk in noncardiac surgery.